PAI, SOLIDARITAS SOSIAL, DAN MODERASI BERAGAMA: ANALISIS SOSIOLOGIS ATAS DINAMIKA KEAGAMAAN DI ERA GLOBAL

Abstract

Islamic Religious Education (IRE) has a strategic position in responding to contemporary social dynamics characterized by increasing globalization, cultural diversity, and the emergence of digital-based radicalization. These conditions require the strengthening of social solidarity and religious moderation in order to maintain social harmony. This study aims to analyze the role of PAI in strengthening solidarity and religious moderation through a sociological perspective, particularly referring to Émile Durkheim's thoughts on social solidarity and Ibn Khaldun's concept of 'ashabiyyah. The research method used is qualitative with a library research approach, through a search of primary and secondary literature related to PAI, sociological theory, and religious social dynamics. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques to identify theoretical constructs and their relevance to educational practice. The results show that PAI plays an important role in building social cohesion through the internalization of the values of ukhuwah, ta'awun, social justice, and the strengthening of religious moderation based on the principles of tawassuth, tawazun, i'tidal, and tasamuh. In addition, PAI is considered capable of strengthening individual capacity in facing global challenges by strengthening digital religious literacy, curriculum renewal, and improving the competence of teachers as mediators of values.