PENGEMBANGAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING DAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA MI

Abstract

Natural Science (IPA) learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) in Cilacap faces challenges due to teacher-centered methods and limited facilities, despite the region's rich environmental potential. This study develops an integrated Discovery Learning and Cooperative Learning model to enhance students' critical thinking skills and learning outcomes. Using a modified Borg & Gall Research and Development (R&D) method, the research progressed through five stages: needs analysis, prototype design, limited trials, expert validation, and dissemination. The findings indicate that the systematically designed five-stage syntax effectively facilitates active and collaborative learning. Implementing this model in MI Cilacap significantly improved student participation and conceptual understanding. By linking science to local phenomena—such as seawater evaporation and agricultural forces—the learning experience became more meaningful and contextual. Teachers responded positively, noting the model’s compatibility with the Independent Curriculum (Kurikulum Merdeka). This integrated model is recommended as an innovative alternative that not only boosts academic performance but also fosters ecological awareness and regional pride, supporting the Strengthening of the Pancasila Student Profile (P5).