PEMAHAMAN DASAR TENTANG ILTIFĀT AL-LAFẒ SEBAGAI GAYA BAHASA BALĀGHAH

Abstract

This study aims to examine in depth the basic concept of iltifāt al-lafẓ as a stylistic device in Arabic rhetoric, highlighting its aesthetic and rhetorical value and pedagogical implications in Arabic language learning. The phenomenon of iltifāt is understood as a deliberate shift in the form of expression or sentence structure to achieve a particular meaning and aesthetic effect. Through a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach using literature study methods, this study examines classical works such as Asrār al-Balāghah, Miftāḥ al-ʿUlūm, and Talkhīṣ al-Miftāḥ, as well as modern literature that relates iltifāt to the theories of cohesion, coherence, and foregrounding in discourse linguistics. The results of the study show that iltifāt al-lafẓ includes four main forms: pronoun shift, verb shift, syntactic context shift, and word count shift. Its rhetorical functions include emphasizing meaning (taʾkīd), enlivening discourse (taḥrīk al-khiṭāb), and increasing semantic cohesion and the emotional effect on the reader. This study also found that the integration of classical balāghah theory and modern linguistics opens up opportunities for the development of Arabic language learning models based on rhetorical analysis and aesthetic appreciation. Thus, iltifāt al-lafẓ not only represents the beauty of classical Arabic, but is also relevant as a pedagogical approach that improves students' communicative and interpretive competence in understanding Arabic texts contextually